Biology

If a glucose molecule became incorporated as a non­terminal component of starch, which two regions, labelled i to v, would be involved in forming glycosidic bonds?

Antibiotics are becoming less effective due to:

Which one of the following labels, i to v, represents a nucleotide?

The increase in the frequency of one phenotype in a wild population of fish could be due to:
1. an advantageous mutation
2. increased reproductive success of individuals with that phenotype
3. a change in the environment

The following organelles are involved in processing amino acids into glycoprotein:
1. Golgi apparatus
2. Ribsomes
3. RER
Which sequence is correct for this process?

The diagram below represents the fluid mosaic model of the cell (surface) membrane.

Only two of the labelled molecules have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas. Which two molecules are they?

Which adaptation cannot help increase the speed of transmission in a motor neurone?

A food item was burned in pure oxygen and released 830 kJ of energy. An identical food item of the same mass was found to produce 8 ATP’s in respiration.

Assuming it takes 31 kJ to produce one ATP molecule, estimate the efficiency of respiration.

In a set of genetic crosses the offspring produced showed the same phenotype ratio of 9:3:3:1. Which of the following statements could be true?
1. two genes each with two alleles were studied
2. all parents were heterozygous
3. some offspring had a phenotype different to the parents
4. some offspring had a phenotype the same as the parents

Which is likely to contain the most mitochondria?

Which of the following transport mechanisms require the use of protein molecules found in membranes and ATP?
1. Active transport
2. Diffusion
3. Facilitated diffusion

Cross over values (COV’s) can be considered as the relative distance between genes and are used to help construct chromosome maps. Four genes, called P, Q, R and S, are found on the same chromosome. Use the following COV’s to work out the sequence of the four genes.
P to Q = 33

Q to R = 8

R to S = 15

P to S = 10

P to R = 25
The sequence of the genes is:

If an animal body cell contained 36 chromosomes, which row in the table is correct?

In the process of ventilation the following occur:
1.pressure in thorax increases
2.volume of thorax increases
3.diaphragm goes down
4.ribcage goes down
Which of these occur during inhalation?

Which one of the following is not involved in defending the body against infection?

The family pedigree shows that boy C has a genetic condition. No other member of the family shows the same genetic condition.

Which one of the following could NOT explain why boy C has the condition?

In a reflex arc that comprises a pain receptor cell in the skin, three neurones and a muscle (effector), the number of synapses found in the central nervous system (CNS) is:

Which one of the following is NOT true of human hormones?